The intruders bound the 22-year-old students' wrists with plastic ties. The gunman hit one in the back of the head with the weapon, demanding, "Where's the money?" and the two ransacked the house, took $800, and were gone.
One departed with a warning: "I shot two cops in Baltimore, and I'm not afraid to shoot you."
It didn't take long for police to guess why the Powelton Village building was targeted in May. In common rooms, officers found a digital scale and items associated with marijuana growing - items the six roommates claimed they knew nothing about.
Increasingly, police say, a violent home invasion is the price some pot-dealing university students pay for taking up a dangerous side job.
Students who deal drugs make up a tiny minority of Drexel and Temple students, and home invasions near those campuses are rare.
But when it happens, police say, it's almost always when the target has drawn the attention of neighborhood drug dealers by selling marijuana.
Since November, there have been at least seven home invasions around the Temple campus in which police believe drugs were a factor. There have been at least four such robberies of Drexel students since April 2010. Police could not recall one home invasion involving students that was not drug-related.
"These kids are cutting into the trade of the people who live in this neighborhood," said Philadelphia Lt. John Walker of the Southwest Detective Division. "To them, it's a few hundred dollars, but to someone else, that's their livelihood. . . . The students don't realize how they're affecting the economy."
The home invasion is the professional dealer's way of sending a message to the amateur: Knock it off.
"It puts the ultimate level of fear into them," Walker said.
To a local dealer, robbing a college student - the lowest rung on the drug-dealing ladder - is low-risk, high-reward. The student is likely to be unarmed and to offer little resistance but plenty of cash, laptops, and more. Students often get rid of drug evidence before calling police, a delay that can make it harder for police to catch the assailants.
"The risk isn't the same as robbing a bona fide drug dealer," said Philadelphia Capt. Branville Bard of the 22d Police District, which covers the North Philadelphia neighborhood around Temple. "Your typical drug organization is armed to the teeth. These kids are caught off-guard."
Students targeted are usually assaulted, mostly pistol-whipped or tied up. The Inquirer is not identifying students who have been robbed unless they were arrested.
"My main concern is that one of these kids is going to get hurt or killed," Bard said. "Until now, everyone's been compliant. But it's inevitable that one of these kids will try to defend themselves."
Even when someone is compliant, Bard said, "they can still get shot."
The gunman who approached the house in the 3500 block of Spring Garden Street on the morning of Sept. 2 knew there was a stash of pot inside, police said. Getting inside was as simple as ringing the bell and asking to buy some pot.
After a student let him in, the man drew a gun and forced the student into another room. There, the intruder found five other students.
Emboldened by the six-on-one ratio, one student knocked the gun out his hand, and the intruder fled.
As usual, Walker said, the victims were lucky. The student who knocked away the gun might have missed, or the gunman could have grabbed it from the floor.
"Then we get someone opening fire in a room," Walker said. "We could have had six people shot."
Students who start selling drugs can be dangerously naive, Bard said.
To acquire a supply, some seek out dealers who operate just blocks from their homes. Buying a few hundred dollars' worth of marijuana is enough to draw attention; students never seem to consider that a dealer may follow them home. Some students have pot delivered to their doors.
"Kids are meeting these guys right where they lay their heads," Bard said. "These dealers realize they cannot only get the money, but they can get that product back and resell it."
In every way, Bard said, students underestimate who they're dealing with.
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